Types of Fuel Pumps

A fuel pump is an  essential component of internal combustion engines. These are used to pump  fuel from the fuel tank to the injection system. Fuel pumps are aimed to pump fuel from the tank  to the engine and delivered at  low pressure to the carburetor or at high pressure to the fuel ignition system.

Gasolene engines use low pressure mechanical pumps. These are mounted outside the tank. On the other hand, compression ignition (diesel) engines use electric fuel pumps fixed inside the tank. Some diesel engines have two fuel pumps one for low pressure supply in the tank and one for high pressure pump near to the engine.

Types of fuel pumps include mechanical fuel pumps, electrical fuel pump and turbo fuel pump. We'll discuss each of them briefly.

Mechanical fuel pump
A mechanical fuel pump is a device that delivers fuel to the engine. Mechanical fuel pumps are mostly used in spark ignition (petrol) engines. These are located between the fuel tank and the engine.

How a mechanical fuel pump worksThe mechanical fuel pump is driven by a camshaft. It's connected to crank shaft. As the shaft rotates the camshaft, it passes over the pivot lever and forces it to lift at one end. The lever fulcrum point is very close to the part that actuates the diaphragm, so very little movement of the arm at the camshaft results in significant movement of the diaphragm.

As the diaphragm is pushed up, the fuel is pressurized and moves out of the pump into the fuel line. From there it enters the carburetor. The lever arm allows the diaphragm to return to its original  position. The one-way valves in the pump prevent the return of fuel from the carburetor and a path is opened for fuel to be drawn from the fuel tank. Vacuum is created by the diaphragm which causes fuel getting sucked  into the chamber from the fuel tank.

Electrical  fuel pump
The electric fuel pump is a commonly used one. It's located inside the fuel tank. The electric fuel pump pumps fuel from fuel tank to the fuel injection system at a higher pressure its mechanical counterpart does. Because of this reason electrical pumps are placed replacing mechanical pumps. The electric fuel pump works with the fuel injector in cars.

Working of electrical fuel pump
As the pump is located in the interior of the tank, it is protected from heat as gas and diesel are cold in liquid state. 

The electromagnetic switch called solenoid is used to pull the diaphragm. The solenoid consists of iron rod that pulls the diaphragm downwards and fuel is drawn into the ignition chamber. The rod that pulls the diaphragm returns to it position.

When you turn the key on the pump gets an electric signal, which leads creating pressure on fuel in the tank. When the engine is just to start, the pump sends fuel at pressure down the line for ignition.

Turbo fuel pump
 Turbo pumps are not very popular because they are used mainly in jet and rocket engines.
They are centrifugal pumps and get their propulsion from a gas turbine.

Working of a turbo pump
In a turbo molecular pump, the gas molecules move in bulk and interact more with each other than with the walls of the container.

Turbo pumps do not work in this case because the momentum imparted the by rotors is insignificant compared to intermolecular interactions. This is known as molecular flow. Now the turbo pump can impart momentum on each molecule individually.

The rotor blades rotates around 90,000 rpm. When they hit the gas molecules in the engine, they impart momentum. The angles of the rotor and stator blades drive the gas molecules towards the exhaust.
The fuel pump is an important part in your car's engine system and therefore it's worth to know about it.

Guidance for Child Car Seat Safety

Providing safety to the children is very important aspect of parents while driving. Many children get killed or injured every year in accidents. If you use proper car safety seats then you can provide safety for your children. There are many types of child safety seats. Different things like child's size, and type of vehicle you have, age of the child determines the type of seat which is needed for your child. You should make sure that seat is appropriate for your child. There are few safety seats, such as:

• If you have infants in your home then you need to arrange infant seats and rear facing convertible seats. While riding in a car, infants should ride rear facing till they reach a certain age or size, height, when they are allowed by manufacturers of their car safety seats. They should ride rear facing till they reach the minimum 1 year of age and weight to be at least 20 pounds.
• For preschoolers, arrange convertible seats and forward-facing seats with harnesses. A forward-facing seat can be used by them when they have outgrown the seat rear facing.
• If they are school children then you use booster seats for them. Older children can sit on booster seats until they fit for adult seats and belts.
• For older children, you can use the lap and shoulder seat belt in the back seat till they reach the age of 13 years.

These are the guidelines for parents to choose the seats for their children according to the age and weight. You should consider these guidelines to keep your child safe while riding.

Advantages of Automatic Transmissions

Automatic transmission is one type of vehicle transmission. In this, there is no driver required to change the gear ratio, while moving the vehicle. A defined set of gear ranges are there in automatic transmission vehicles. Now automatic transmission vehicles have become popular.

There are three types of automatic transmissions. First type of automatic transmission is based on a hydro transformer and planet gear, second type of transmission has chained mechanic variation device with planet gear, third type is special one and it is equipped with double coupler and cylindrical gear. There are some benefits of automatic transmissions such as:

• Usually these automatic transmission vehicles are easy to use or operate. Automatic transmissions in case of cheap cars, are more dynamic, effective. Person who drives may get tired in case of manual transmissions, because of the need to use the clutch pedal. But in case of automatic transmission the person will not get tired. There are only two pedals, so it is driving like light low framed vehicle.
• A driver will have left feet free and both hands on the steering, he has no need to pay much attention on the vehicle. It has high degree comfort and speed level changes without interrupting power flow.
• Automatic transmissions have maximum wheel power regardless the speed, means it has good dynamic and economic features. The car of automatic transmission is cheap and it meets pollution standards.

Cheaper cars are also equipped with automatic transmission, and they can be sold at accessible costs. Generally, automatic transmission is recommended to cities where there is high chance of traffic jams.

Any way, one's decision does not depend on advantages and disadvantages, it depends on requirements or needs to choose a vehicle.

Things To Be Known Before Buying A Diesel Car

A diesel car provides good fuel economy and better performance while driving. Following things should be known before buying a diesel car:

Market segment - Diesel passenger cars are available in almost 51 countries. Audi, BMW,
Mercedes Benz and Volkswagen offer SUV models where as pickup trucks are available from
Chevrolet/GMC, Ford and Dodge.

Engine efficiency – It is equipped with turbocharged diesel engine, which gives low rpm and makes it good for towing and hauling. In earlier decade’s diesel engine was noisy and smelly but technological advances over the last decade have eliminated these drawbacks.

Safety – All safety measures are available in diesel car like antilock brakes, stability control and side airbags, curtain air bags.

Manual vs. Automatic Transmission – Diesel engine gives an option to choose between manual and automatic transmission. Automatic transmission vehicle are more fuel-efficient than manual transmission. However, manual transmission gives low-stress propositions due to their ample torque at low engine speeds, which can reduce shifting frequency in stop-and-go traffic.

Luggage Capacity – Luggage capacity varies according to the model of diesel car. 335d gives 12 cubic feet luggage capacity, Jetta sports wagon boast 66.9 cubic feet luggage capacity and midsize diesel engine SUV’s offers 70 cubic luggage capacities.

Passenger Capacity – Seating capacity is different in all models of diesel engine car. SUV’s hatch back have tight rear seat. Families diesel model offers seven comfortable seats, Heavy weight pickup can seat from 3-6 people at a time.

Smart Tips To Avoid Flood-Damaged Car Deal

Flood damaged cars are those which get damaged by the floodwater. This type of cars can result in mechanical and electrical problems in the future. So to avoid from flood damaged car deal following smart tips should be followed:

Get a vehicle history report – By vehicle identification number in Carfax or Autocheck system, buyer can check electrical report of a car.

Be alert to unusual odors - Moldy odors from the car interiors show a prolonged exposure of car in water.

Look for discolored carpeting - Differences in lower and upper upholstery sections color indicate standing water in the vehicle.

Examine the exterior for water buildup - Fogging inside the headlamps or taillights where water naturally pools reveal car as a flood damaged car.

Inspect the undercarriage - Check for rust and flaking metal, which is not normally associated with late-model vehicles.

Be suspicious of dirt buildup in unusual areas.

Why Buy A Green Car?

Many features are taken into consideration while buying a car like price, comfort, styling, performance, and safety. The final decision should be based on car value and price. But most of the cars are causing pollution, climate damage, and global warming. It is better to buy a green car for reducing the pollution.

The benefits on buying a green car are:
1. It saves money on fuel: The prices of petrol and diesel are increasing day by day. You can reduce the fuel charges by choosing the green car.
2. It saves money on taxes: Most of the cars are paying road tax that is Vehicle Excise Duty (VED) or Graduated Vehicle Excise Duty (GVED) based on the car emissions. There is no tax for car’s emissions, which are less than 100g/km. The green cars are zero emission cars. Green cars save the money on tax.
3. Saves money on company car tax: The company car tax is also reduced based on CO2 emissions.
4. Saves money on parking charges: The parking charges are also going to be reduced based on CO2 emissions. The zero emission vehicles can be parked free of charges.
5. Save the environment: The use of gasoline, petrol, and diesel are increasing the CO2 emissions. CO2 emissions increase the global warming. The green cars reduce the CO2 emissions and save the environment from harmful gases.

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